This was hindered by the official German state patriotism of the Nazis but after 1945 all autochthons became victims of the genocide and total deportation. pan-Baltic ideas appeared, along with parallel attempts to revive Old Prussian on the basis of attested monuments. Luther’s Enchiridion into it in 1561? There are references indicating that Old Prussian was still spoken at the end of the 17th c.1 The spread of the name Prussia, as well as a multicultural history of this Baltic land, rich with legends and archaic folk-lore, maintained local and international interest in Baltic Prussians throughout the centuries. If the language was extinct in the 16th c., as alleged, what would have been the point of translating M. ![]() The remaining Prussians serfs preserved their language until their physical extinction during the plague and famine of 1709–1711. Linguistic Germanizing of free Prussian peasants began in the middle of the 15th c., when after the catastrophe of Tannenberg (1410) the Free Prussians fled to Germanized towns in order to avoid being sold as serfs, together with their land, for the debts of the state. The Old Prussian nobility became linguistically Germanized by the 14th c. After bloody almost century-long wars against the Baltic Prussians, even the authorities of the state were mixed, being representatives of different European nations who had participated in crusades against Baltic Prussia in the 13th c. ![]() Moreover: the first Prussian state was an independent Baltic state – not any national German state – despite German of the authorities of the Order. The Old Prussians never created a centralized state, but their tribes became united and comprehended as one nation only under the rule of the Teutonic Order. When speaking about Prussian one always faces 2 common “truths”: 1) the Old Prussians were annihilated by the Germans who misappropriated their name 2) Old Prussian died out in the 16th c. The Prussians, “Ideal Prussians”, Old Prussian and New Prussian To recover a language as a tool of communication means to revive it for needs of a concrete group of people. LINGUISTIC PRINCIPLES OF THE RECOVERY OF OLD PRUSSIAN 1. This is the reason why this Dictionary consists of: 1) inherited lexis found in the monuments of Old Prussian 2) authentic Baltic Prussian lexis reconstructed mostly by Vytautas Mažiulis as well as by other Prussologists 3) areale cultural lexis which had to penetrate into Prussian in concreteepochs first and foremost from Lower German as well as from German dialects of former West- and East Prussia 4) generally spread modern international lexis. ![]() This means to produce a kind of persuasive falsification on the basis of modern as well as comparative linguistics. PREFACE This work is only a little step toward realisation of the task set for all years of remaining life: as authentical as possible to reconstruct vocabulary of the extinct Baltic Prussian language. Winfried Boeder, whose generous friendship and material support were a great help in bringing this project to completion Institut Europeen des Minorites Ethniques Dispersees ![]() PRVSSOLOGIA KLOSSIANA: LINGVA BORVSSICA NOVA, IIfĭICTIONARY OF REVIVED PRUSSIAN: PRUSSIAN–ENGLISH ENGLISH–PRUSSIANīĀZISKAS PRŪSISKAI–ĒNGLISKAS WIRDEĪNS PER TĀLAISIN LAKSIKIS REKREACIŌNIN (SEMBAS DIALAKTS)īASIC ENGLISH-PRUSSIAN DICTIONARY FOR FURTHER LEXICAL RECONSTRUCTION (SAMLANDIAN DIALECT)
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